Physical properties include color, density, hardness, melting points, and boiling points.
3.5: Differences in Matter- Physical and Chemical Properties A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. A material composed of two or more substances is a mixture. A pure substance is a form of matter that has a consistent composition and properties that are constant throughout the sample. Matter can be classified into two broad categories: pure substances and mixtures. 
3.4: Classifying Matter According to Its Composition One useful way of organizing our understanding of matter is to think of a hierarchy that extends down from the most general and complex, to the simplest and most fundamental. Liquids have a definite volume, but take the shape of the container. 3.3: Classifying Matter According to Its State-Solid, Liquid, and Gas Three states of matter exist-solid, liquid, and gas. Air (and all other gases) are invisible to the eye, have very small masses compared to equal amounts of solids and liquids, and are quite easy to compress (change volume). You might be able to imagine, however, the difficulty for people several hundred years ago to demonstrate that air has mass and volume. For most common objects that we deal with every day, it is fairly simple to demonstrate that they have mass and take up space. 3.2: What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and volume (takes up space). While this simple definition is easily applied, the way people view matter is often broken down into two characteristic length scales: the macroscopic and the microscopic. Matter includes atoms and anything made of atoms, but not other energy phenomena or waves such as light or sound. 3.1: In Your Room Matter is any substance that has mass and takes up space.
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